Перевод: с исландского на английский

с английского на исландский

the sanctity of a

  • 1 HELGA

    (að), v.
    2) to hallow to one (hét hann at helga Þór allt landnám sitt);
    4) refl., helgast to he sanctifled.
    * * *
    að, hælga, a Norse form, Bret. 34, 96, [heilagr], to make holy, hallow, sanctify:
    I. a law term, to appropriate land or the like, by performing some sacred rites: komit hefi ek nú eldi á Þverárland ok er helgat landit Einari syni mínum, Glúm. 391; hann skaut yfir ana með tundr-öru ok helgaði sér svá landit fyrir vestan, Landn. 193; hann gerði eld mikinn við hvern vatns-ós ok helgaði sér svá allt hérað, 207; svá helguðu þeir sér allan Öxarfjörð, 234 (interesting): to adjudicate to one, hét hann því at h. Þór allt landnám sitt ok kenna við hann, Landn. 97; hann görði þar hof mikit ok helgaði Þór (dat.), id.; Ásbjörn helgaði landnám sitt Þór ok kallaði Þórs-mörk, 280: hence in mod. usage, helga sér e-ð, to prove a thing to be one’s own, make one’s right to a thing good, e. g. hann skal hafa það ef hann getr helgað sér það, he shall have it if he can prove it to be his, e. g. M. N. er fundinn, … réttr eigandi má helga sér og vitja, Þjóðólfr, passim of property lost and found.
    β. helga sik, to clear oneself of a charge; þóat hinn helgi sik með heimiliskviðar-vitni, N. G. L. ii. 69.
    γ. helga þing, h. leið to proclaim solemnly the sanctity of a meeting, fixing the pale or bounds (þinghelgi, q. v.); goði sá er þinghelgi á, hann skal þar þing helga enn fyrsta aptan, Grág. i. 100; með þessum orðum ok þingmörkum helguðu langfeðgar hans alþingi, Landn. (App.) 335; Glúmr átti ok at helga haustþing, Glúm. 394; hann sendi Þórð at helga Þverár-leið, Sturl. iii. 169; leið skal svá h. jafnt sem þing; á leið helgaðri, Grág. i. 122, Band.
    2. of a person (in acc.), to proclaim a person’s inviolability; ek helgaða þik á Þingskálaþingi, Nj. 99 (of an outlawed person); hann keypti at Þormóði, at hann helgaði Örn, Landn. 288, i. e. to make out that an outlaw had been slain within a bowshot (örskots-helgi), he being inviolable (heilagr) within that distance.
    3. in mod. usage, to protect by law; helga varp, æðarfugl, etc., = friða, q. v.
    II. eccl. to hallow, sanctify; helga þú þá í þínum sannleika, John xvii. 17; fyrir þá helga eg sjálfan mig, svo að þeir sé og helgaðir í sannleikanum, 19, Ephes. v. 26, 1 Thess. v. 23, Hebr. xiii. 12, 1 Pet. iii. 15; meðal þeirra sem helgaðir verða, Acts xx. 32; helgat fyrir Heilagan Anda, Rom. xv. 16; þér eruð helgaðir, þér eruð réttlátir, 1 Cor. vi. 11, passim; hvort er meira? gullit eða musterit hvert er helgar gullit, … eða altarið það sem offrit helgar? Matth. xxiii. 17, 19.
    III. reflex. to be sanctified, Hom. 96, Fms. iv. 111; helgisk og styrkisk þessar hendr, Fms. viii. 26.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > HELGA

  • 2 HOF

    * * *
    n. [in A. S., Hel., and O. H. G. hof means a hall, Lat. aedes, (whence mod. Germ. hof = a farm, answering to Icel. bær or Norse ból,) and spec. the court or king’s household, (in the old Scandin. languages this sense is unknown); Ulf renders ναός and ἱερόν by alhs; in Danish local names -vé prevails, but in Norse and Icel. Hof still survives in many local names, Hof, Hof-garðr, Hof-staðir, Hofs-fell, Hofs-teigr, Hofs-vágr, Landn., Munch’s Norg. Beskriv.; and as the temple formed the nucleus of the old political life (see goði and goðorð), all these names throw light on the old political geography; cp. Hofland near Appleby in Engl.]:—a temple; distinction is made between hof, a temple ( a sanctuary with a roof), and hörgr, an altar, holy circle, or any roofless place of worship: passages referring to hof and worship are very numerous, e. g. for Norway, Hkr. Yngl. S. ch. 12, Hák. S. Aðalst. ch. 16, Ó. T. ch. 76 (by Odd Munk ch. 41), Ó. H. (1853) ch. 113–115, O. H. L. ch. 36, Fær. ch. 23, Nj. ch. 88, 89, Fas. i. 474 (Hervar. S.); for Iceland, Landn. 1. ch. 11, 21, 2. ch. 12, 3. ch. 16 (twice), 4. ch. 2, 6 (interesting), 7, 5. ch. 3 (p. 284), 8 (interesting), 12, Eb. ch. 3, 4, 10, Glúm. ch. 25, Harð. ch. 19, 37, Vd. ch. 15, 17, Hrafn. ch. 2, Eg. ch. 87, Gullþ. ch. 7, Vápn. pp. 10, 11, Dropl. pp. 10, 11, Kristni S. ch. 2, etc.; cp. also Vsp. 7, Vþm. 38, Hkv. Hjörv. 4: poët., orð-hof, the word’s sanctuary = the mouth, Stor.
    2. a hall (as in Germ. and Saxon), Hým. 33 (απ. λεγ.)
    COMPDS:
    I. with gen., hofs-dyrr, n. pl. temple-doors, Fms. i. 97. hofs-eiðr, m. a temple-oath, Glúm. 388. hofs-goði, a, m. = hofgoði, Eg. 754. hofs-helgi, f. = hofhelgi. hofs-hurð, f. a temple-door ( janua), Fms. i. 302. hofs-höfðingi, a, m. a temple-lord, Post. 645. 90. hofs-mold, f. temple-earth, holy mould, see Landn. 254. hofs-teigr, m. a strip of temple-land, glebe, Landn. 241.
    II. hof-garðr, m. a temple-yard, a local name, Landn. hof-goði, a, m. a temple-priest (see goði), Landn. 254, Hkr. i. 6, Eb. 12, 14, 16 new Ed. hof-grið, n. pl. asylum in a sanctuary, Landn. 80, v. l. hof-gyðja, u, f. a priestess, Vápn. 10, Landn. 265, v. l. hof-helgi, f. a temple-holiday, feast; halda h., Ísl. ii. 15: the sanctity of a hof, Bret. 38, Eg. 251. hof-prestr, m. a temple-priest, Stj. hof-staðr, m. a ‘temple-stead,’ sanctuary, Eb. 26, Fms. ii. 73. hof-tollr, m. a temple-toll, rate, Vápn. 10, Eb. 6, 12 new Ed., Bs. i. 6, Gullþ. 11, answering to the modern church-rate.
    B. A court, almost solely in compds, and not earlier than the 14th century, from Romances: hof-ferð, f. pride, pomp, Bs. ii. 122. hof-ferðugr, adj. proud. hof-fólk, n. pl. courtiers, Thom. 322, 479, Grett. 161, Karl. 51, Pass. 21. 8. hof-frakt, n. pomp, Fas. i. 46, Snót 86. hof-garðr, m. a lordly mansion, Thom., Bév., Rétt. hof-list, f. pomp, Thom. 479. hof-lýðr, m. = hoffólk, Clar. hof-maðr, m. a courtier; in pl. hofmenn, lords; hertogi greifi ok aðrir hofmenn, Ann. 1303; gentry, chiefly in the ballads of the Middle Ages, Ungan leit eg hofmann, Fkv. In the old dancing parties the leader of the gentlemen was styled hofmann (cp. Germ. Hoffmann). Before dancing began, men and maids having been drawn up in two rows, he went up to the ladies, and the following dialogue ensued: Hér er Hofmann, hér eru allir Hofmanns sveinar.—Hvað vill Hofmann, hvað vilja allir Hofmanns sveinar?—Mey vill Hofmann, mey vilja allir Hofmanns sveinar. Then each dancer engaged his lady for the dance; það var hlaup, og það var hofmanns hlaup, Safn i. 689. A plain in the neighbourhood of the alþingi, where the people met, is still called Hofmanna-flöt, f. ‘Gentry’s Lea.’ hof-móðugr, adj. haughty, Pass. 18. 5. hof-tyft, f. urbanity, Clar. hof-verk, n. a great feat, Safn i. 71. hof-þénari, a, m. a court servant, Fas. iii. 408.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > HOF

  • 3 SIF

    (gen. Sifjar), f. the wife of Thor.
    * * *
    f., pl. sifjar; [Ulf. sibja. Gal. iv. s. Rom. ix. 4; A. S. and Scot. sib; Engl. gos-sip = god-sib; Hel. sibbia; O. H. G. sibba; Germ. sippe]:—affinity.
    2. in sing. the word is only used as a pr. name ot the goddess Sif, gen. sifjar (dat. sifju, Edda i. 340). Sif, the golden-haired goddess, wife of Thor, betokens mother earth with her golden sheaves of grain; she was the goddess of the sanctity of the family and wedlock, whence her name, see Edda and the old poems passim.
    3. plur. ‘sib’, affinity, connection, by marriage; the word is used in ancient poems and in the law, and in compds; byggja sifjar, to marry; jafnnáit skal byggja sifjar ok frændsemi, Grág. i. 308; eigi skulu vera skyldri sifjar með þeim enn fimmta manni, i. e. no marriage nearer than the fifth degree, 310; sifjar ( affinity) is opp. to frændsemi ( blood relationship), flest stórmenni var bundit í frændsemi eða sifjum við hann, Fms. vii. 299, v. l.; spilla sifjum, to commit adultery; munu systrungar sifjum spilla, cousins will ‘spoil the sib,’ referring to adulterous intercourse with near relations in law, Vsp.; slíta sifjum = spilla sifjum, Merl. 154: again, þyrma sifjum, to hold the sifjar holy, Skv. 3. 28: hence sifja-slit and sifja-spell, n. pl. violation of the law of affinity, adultery; frændsemis-spell ok sifja-spell, Grág. i. 341, Sks. 338 B; þat eru sifjaslit en meiri, er maðr liggr með systrungum tveim, Grág. i. 358; í manndrápum ok í sifjasliti, Edda. The word sifjar also remains in bú-sifjar (q. v.), Landn. 147, Eg. 750, Fs. 31; guð-sifjar (q. v.), as also guð-sefi, guð-sifja (q. v.), a gossip, sponsor: in karl-sift, kvenn-sift, q. v.; cp. also barna sifjar, the bond or unity arising from having had children together, or = adoption (?), cp. Ulf. suniwe-sibja = υἱοθεσία, Gal. iv. 5, Ls. 16: lastly, the phrase, blanda sifjum, to blend sifjar together, to blend souls together (?), Hm. 125 (akin to sefi, q. v.)

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > SIF

  • 4 VIRÐA

    (-rða, -rðr), v.
    1) to fix the worth of a thing, to tax, value (síðan vóru virð fé Haflgerðar);
    2) fig., to value, estimate (þat kann engi virða nema guð einn);
    with gen., virða e-t mikils, to rate highly, think much of;
    virða lítils, to think or make light of;
    virða e-t engis (einskis), to make nothing of;
    virða e-t með sjálfum sér, to bethink oneself of, consider;
    konungr virði mest skáld sín, he held his poets in the highest estimation;
    virði jarl hann vel, the earl showed him great honour;
    virða til, to pay heed to, regard;
    hann kveðst vilja virða til enn heilaga Jacobum postola, he said he would respect the sanctity of St. James;
    virða e-t til e-s, to consider (deem) as (virða e-t til útrúleika við e-n);
    virða e-t vel, illa fyrir e-m, to put it to his credit, discredit;
    3) refl., virðast vel, to be highly esteemed (hann virðist hvervetna vel);
    impers., virðist öllum mönnum vel til hans, everybody liked him;
    virðist oss svá, sem minnkaðist vár sœmd í því, it seems to us, we think that …;
    virðist hann konunginum afbragðsmaðr, the king thought him to be an exceptional man.
    * * *
    pret. virði, mod. virti; [cp. verð; this word and its derivatives are in mod. Norse proncd. and spelt with y, vyrda; Swed. vörda]:—to fix the worth of a thing, to tax, value; síðan vóru virð fé Hallgerðar, Nj. 24; búar skolu virða fúlgur ómagans tvennar, Grág. i. 259; þar skolu fylgja einn eyrir ok tuttugu, ok virða til friðs, D. I. i. 199; þrjár merkr ok virt til vaðmála, 203; búar skolu virða skip þat til vöru eðr til brends silfrs, Grág. (Kb.) ii. 68; virða e-t til smœrs, D. N. ii. 93.
    II. metaph., þat kann engi virða nema Guð einn, Fms. vii. 144: with gen. of the price, virða enskis, Blas. 44; virða mikils, to rate highly, Eg. 167; konungr virði hann mikils, Fms. vi. 132; virða e-t lítils, O. H. L. 76; úvinir hans höfðu grun á ok virðu til utrúleika við konung, Fms. ix. 428; er þat ílla virðanda fyrir þér, it is to be ill-esteemed, blamed, ii. 53; mun þat vera vel virt fyrir þér, Karl. 99; svá virðu vinir jarls sem Þorkell mundi þá bræðr sízt spara til deilu, Orkn. 180; vita ok virða, Stj. 145; virða e-t með sjálfum sér, to bethink oneself of, consider, 132; hygg at ok virð meðr þér sjálfum, 142; virð með sjálfum þér hvat haun mun mega með síns herra fulltingi, Karl. 542.
    2. with prepp.; virða at e-u, to give heed to a thing, consider it, Stj. 153; virða e-t fyrir sér, to count, consider; virða til, to pay heed to, regard; Rafn vildi eigi þat, þvíat hann kveðsk vilja virða til enn heilaga Jacobum postola, ok berjask eigi við Þorvald, i. e. Rafn said he would respect the holiness of St. James and not fight Th., Bs. i. 668; heldr skal hitt til virða, at hann vildi Kristni sinni í þyrma, Hom. 109; eg vil ekki virða mig til þess, not demean myself to that: virða um e-t = virða til, D. N. ii. 95: virða e-t við e-t, to value, count; virða við saur ok hégóma, Barl. 74: virð einskis við þá er þér göra í mein, take no account of it if they do thee wrong, Hom. (St.); virða sakar við annan, id.; Guð virði við hann ( may God reward him) undir hvílíkan þunga hann á at standa, Bs. i. 821; biðju vér at þér takit vára dvöl eigi til þrjózku, virðandi vid oss um leiðar-lengd ok harða veðráttu, we beg you not to account it for disobedience in us, but consider the length of the way, and the severe weather, D. N. iii. 80: also of gratitude, eg virði það við hann, að …, to regard past services.
    III. reflex., impers. to like; mér virðisk ekki skapferði hans, Ísl. ii. 217; virðisk þeim vel allt til konungs en eigi verr til dróttningar, Fb. ii. 120; hann virðisk þar hverjum manni vel, everybody liked him, Eg. 27, Nj. 46, Fms. i. 6l.
    2. to deem, think; virðisk oss svá, sem minnkaðisk vár sæmd í því heldr enn yxi, Fms. x. 7; virðisk konunginum hann af bragðs-maðr, Bjarn. 4: very freq. in mod. usage, mér virðist, methinks.
    3. to deign, vouchsafe; af hans ætt virðisk várr Drottinn Jesús at fæðask, Stj.; þú skapari minn virzk at miskunna mér, Barl. 92; þau miskunnar verk er hann virðisk at göra, 95; öll bréf þau er þeir virða sik (= virðask) við at taka, Róm. 248.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > VIRÐA

  • 5 virða

    (-rða, -rðr), v.
    1) to fix the worth of a thing, to tax, value (síðan vóru virð fé Haflgerðar);
    2) fig., to value, estimate (þat kann engi virða nema guð einn);
    with gen., virða e-t mikils, to rate highly, think much of;
    virða lítils, to think or make light of;
    virða e-t engis (einskis), to make nothing of;
    virða e-t með sjálfum sér, to bethink oneself of, consider;
    konungr virði mest skáld sín, he held his poets in the highest estimation;
    virði jarl hann vel, the earl showed him great honour;
    virða til, to pay heed to, regard;
    hann kveðst vilja virða til enn heilaga Jacobum postola, he said he would respect the sanctity of St. James;
    virða e-t til e-s, to consider (deem) as (virða e-t til útrúleika við e-n);
    virða e-t vel, illa fyrir e-m, to put it to his credit, discredit;
    3) refl., virðast vel, to be highly esteemed (hann virðist hvervetna vel);
    impers., virðist öllum mönnum vel til hans, everybody liked him;
    virðist oss svá, sem minnkaðist vár sœmd í því, it seems to us, we think that …;
    virðist hann konunginum afbragðsmaðr, the king thought him to be an exceptional man.
    * * *
    u, f., in ú-virða, disregard.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > virða

  • 6 helgi

    * * *
    f.
    1) holiness, sanctity (helgi Ólafs konungs);
    2) inviolability, security.
    * * *
    f.
    I. a law term, security, inviolability; nema honum væri helgi meiri mælt en fjörbaugs-manni, Grág. i. 98; engir hundar eigu helgi á sér, ii. 119; hann skal segja til þess í þingbrekku hverja helgi hann leggr á, 267; ú-helgi, loss or forfeiture of one’s personal security, i. e. outlawry; frið-helgi, security; mann-helgi, sacredness of the person: also in a local sense, a holy place, sanctuary; örskots-helgi, sanctuary within bowshot; þing-helgi, the holy boundary of a meeting within the pale fixed in the formulary, helga þing; fisk-helgi, the limits within which the right of jetsum is valid, thus a whale is recorded to have been found outside fisk-helgi, Þjóðólfr, July 28, 1869, p. 162.
    II. holiness, sanctity, 625. 12, Bs. passim, Hkr. ii. 371; helgi Ólafs konungs, Fb. ii. 359, passim.
    COMPDS: helgidagr, helgidómr, helgihald, helgispjöll, helgistaðr.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > helgi

  • 7 dísa-blót

    n. a sacrifice to the disir, Eg. 205, Yngl. S. ch. 33; þar var veizla búin at vetr-nóttum ok gört disablót, Glúm. 336. In early Swed. laws occur disa-þing, a general assembly, held in February, and disa-þings dagher = the day when the d. sat; disn-þings fridher = the peace, sanctity of the d., Schlyter.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > dísa-blót

  • 8 Helgi

    * * *
    f.
    1) holiness, sanctity (helgi Ólafs konungs);
    2) inviolability, security.
    * * *
    a, m. (Norse form Hœlgi), the Holy, a pr. name; as also Helga, u, f., Landn.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > Helgi

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